非洲和亚洲萝藦科新植物

本文记述了非洲和亚洲产的萝科１个新种加蓬鲫鱼藤（Ｓｅｃａｍｏｎｅｇａｂｏｎｅｎｓｉｓ），２个新名称大花牛奶菜（Ｍａｒｓｄｅｎｉａｍａｇｒｉｆｌｏｒａ）和小花娃儿藤（Ｔｙｌｏｐｈｏｒａｇｕｉｌｌａｕｍｉｎｉｉ），２个新组合心叶镰药藤（Ｂｅｌｏｓｔｅｍ－ｍａｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ）和越南小花藤（Ｍｉｃｒｅｃｈｉｔｅｓｍｉｎｕｔｉｆｌｏｒａ）。     

彝药海枫藤的叶绿素荧光特性初探

[目的]分析海枫藤在野生状态下的生理特征及其与环境因子间的相互作用。[方法]以成熟的野生海枫藤植株为材料,利用便携式调制叶绿素荧光仪测定其叶绿素荧光参数的日变化和叶绿素荧光光响应曲线。[结果]海枫藤最大荧光（Fm’）、最大光化学量子效率（Fv/Fm）、有效光化学量子效率（ΦPS II）、光化学淬灭系数（qP）、非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）及电子传递速率（ETR）的日变化均与光强有关,其中,Fv/Fm、ΦPS II、qP的日变化随光强变化呈单谷曲线,NPQ及ETR的日变化呈单峰曲线。在0-650μmol/m2s光合有效辐射强度范围内,ETR随光强增加而增大,之后随光强增加明显下降;NPQ随光强增加而增大,ΦPS II、qP随光强增加呈显著下降趋势。[结论]高光强不利于海枫藤生长。     

土壤自然干旱及复水对通关藤抗旱能力的影响

以通关藤为材料,设计4个实验处理组,分析通关藤在干旱胁迫及复水后抗旱生理指标的变化,为通关藤的仿野生栽培提供理论指导。结果表明,脯氨酸及可溶性糖含量随着胁迫程度的加剧,呈"先升高后降低"的变化趋势,2个指标均在第8天时达到最大值,各胁迫处理的含量均显著高于对照;MDA含量呈"先升高后降低再升高"的趋势,胁迫第8~12天时MDA含量显著低于对照;SOD和POD在整个胁迫期内活性均显著高于对照,复水后其活性有所降低,但仍高于对照。上述变化结果表明,干旱胁迫8~12 d达到通关藤抗旱高峰,随后抗旱能力下降,胁迫解除后自身修复能力较强。     

SAS正交设计筛选通关藤组培诱导培养基的研究

[目的]筛选最佳的通关藤诱导培养基。[方法]以红河通关藤当年新生枝的顶芽与茎段作为外植体,在光照时间12 h/d、光照强度2 000 lx、温度(25±2)℃、p H为5.8培养条件下,采用SAS正交设计比较不同基本培养基,细胞分裂素、生长素和不同部位的外植体对外植体芽的诱导率和新芽生长状况的影响。[结果]诱导培养基最佳的配方为MS+琼脂7g/L+蔗糖25 g/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L。[结论]该研究为通关藤的快速繁殖提供理论依据和技术支持。     

Marsdenia tenacissima extract inhibits viability and induces apoptosis of melanoma cells via regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

AIM:To evaluate the effects of Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE) on the viability and apoptosis of mouse skin melanoma cell line B16-F10. METHODS:B16-F10 cells were treated with MTE at different doses for 24 h or at different doses for different time, and the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels were determined by Western blot. Meanwhile, the cells were treated with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the protein levels were measured again. RESULTS:The cells were treated with MTE for 72 h for further study according to the results of pre-experiments. MTE at 100 and 200 mg/L inhibited the viability of B16-F10 cells and decreased the protein expression of Ki67 and PCNA significantly. MTE induced the apoptosis of B16-F10 cells as demonstrated by increasing cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. Meanwhile, MTE down-regulated the protein levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT and mTOR. In addition, IGF-1, the activator of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, alleviated the effects of MTE on the viability and apoptosis markedly. CONCLUSION:MTE inhibits the viability and induces the apoptosis of melanoma cells by down-regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.     

海枫藤花粉块的聚合方式

[目的]揭示海枫藤花粉块的聚合方式。[方法]以海风藤离体花粉块为材料,通过常规石蜡制片技术、花粉离体萌发及扫描电镜技术研究花粉块的聚合方式。[结果]海风藤的花由5个花萼和5个白色花瓣组成,每个花粉囊里有1个花粉块,花粉块中每个花粉母都有独立的花粉壁;扫描电镜观察结果显示,海风藤花粉粒长约100～180μm、宽约50μm,与单粒花粉粒的长与宽基本吻合;海枫藤花粉粒呈不规则形,外壁无明显饰纹,无萌发孔,花粉管从独立花粉上长出,未见到四合花粉。[结论]海枫藤花粉块是由单粒花粉聚合而成的。